Psychological Theories

Psychological Theory Psych525 Psychological Theory This paper examines how a mortals cultural ethnocentric perspective causes them to react to a person from another kitchen-gardening based on the behavior/ accessible cognitive theory. For the purposes of description, this presentation entrust explore both Irish and japanese ethnocentric perspectives and how they relate to one another using the behavior/social cognitive theory. Ethnocentricity Before continuing on to describe Irish and Japanese cultural interaction, there needs to be clear understanding of what is meant by ethnocentric perspectives.According to Segall, Dasen, Berry, & Poortinga (1999) an ethnocentric perspective is the doctrine that a persons culture is the center of all. The other part of an ethnocentric perspective is that it promotes postive feelings of self while creating negative thought patterns about others (Segall et al, 1999). sort/Social cognitive Theory This theory was built upon the theory that behavi or is a learned response primarily learned through social surroundings (Cervone & Pervin, 2010).Social-cognitive theorists also believe that a persons cognitive functions allow for growth beyond the initial environmental contributors (Cervone & Pervin, 2010). A persons culture represents their primary social environment and therefore is the predominant contributor to their personality development. This cultural awareness, or ethnocentric perspective, provides a framework of thought that affects a persons future development. Behavior Cognitive theory presents points such as avoiding conflicting stimuli and attempting to meet equilibrium state by means of using their cognitive elements.Cognitive elements are elements such as values, beliefs, knowledge, and attitudes (Awa & Nwuche, 2010). The social aspect of this theory delineates the thoughts that evaluation of such experiences occur in context with uses past experiences. In addition, the social aspect of the theory helps to develo p how as social beings we work as information processing machines (Landau et al, 2010). By the use of this combi commonwealth of theories, we are able to explain and evaluate in a deeper way two very distinctive cultures.The Irish and the Japanese cultures are two cultures so deeply rooted, their culture serves as a means for further understanding cultural dynamics. Irish Ethnocentric Perspective Irelands culture is wrapped around its sack of freedom and overtaking of self after colonization by England (Howard, 2009). Ireland is a predominately Catholic nation while the colonizing English were Protestant causing considerable tensions towards England (Howard, 2009). The Irish view their nation as one of culture and peace in comparison with Englands militarism (Howard, 2009).The colonization by England, as with many other nations, resulted in a loss of language (Howard, 2009). A movement that picked up speed during the 1970s allowed Ireland to regain its language (Pinter, 2010). The Irish also view themselves as Gaelic, a subset of white (Chan, 2006). This racial individualism was important because the English viewed them as something less evolved or refined (Chan, 2006). Irish pride is seen in the fight to regain their religion, their language and their national identity and independence from the English (Pinter, 2010). JapaneseEven though it could be argued that ethnocentric bias mostly affects those countries that are diversely populated, Japan can be an exception. Japan is known typically to be composed of a homogeneous population. Japanese culture is known to isolate themselves politically and socially from outsiders. Gaijin is a term ordinarily used in Japan to describe outsiders or an out-group. Prior to the 1860s, the Tokugawa Shoguns adopted a policy enforcing the seclusion of their people. This policy restricted the contact between the Japanese society and people from the outside (Neuliep et al, 2001).A century has passed by, and most of the Japan ese culture still maintains that seclusion mentality towards out-groups. The Japanese culture is an example of how rase the most developed county can posses such ethnocentric biases. The Japanese culture is not willing to assimilate out-groups into their society. This perception goes as far as to treating Koreans who were elevated in Japan, and speak the Japanese language as Gaijin or outsiders. The Koreans raised in Japan must undergo the discrimination and the prejudice (Neuliep et al, 2001). 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